人教版九年級英語上冊《When was it invented?》SectionA PPT課件下載(第3課時)，共36頁。
Objectives
To understand and use the passive voice(past tense) be + v (ed).
To talk about when inventions were invented and where they were invented.
If you like, you can practice more.
被動語態 (Passive Voice)
結構: be + V-p.p.
一般現在時的被動語態:
am / are / is +動詞的過去分詞
一般過去時的被動語態:
was / were +動詞的過去分詞
Many people speak English. (主動語態)
English is spoken by many people.
The naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主動語態)
The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.
主動句變為被動句所遵循的4個步驟：
1. 把原主動句中的賓語變為被動句的主語。
2. 把動詞變為被動形式即be+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數隨主語的變化，而動詞的時態則保持不變。
3. 原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后面以它的賓格形式出現（注代詞的賓格），如不需要則可省略。
4. 其它的成分（定語、狀語）不變。
Grammar Focus
When was the zipper invented?
It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by?
It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea?
It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for?
It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
一般過去時的被動語態
一般過去時的被動語態的句式結構
主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞（ + by…）
主語+was/were + not+及物動詞的過去分詞（+ by…)
Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by …)?
特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（ +by...)?
2. 一般過去時的被動語態的基本用法
表示過去某一具體時間發生的動作，且句子的主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。
講述發生在過去的動作，且不知道動作的執行者。
He was honored with the name“ Father of Hybrid Rice”.
他被授予“雜交水稻之父”的稱號。
3.含雙賓語和復合賓語的主動句變為被動語態的方法
①含有雙賓語的主動句變為被動語態時，通常把指 “人”的間接賓語變為主語，而指“物”的直接賓語則不變。
►He gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book (by him) yesterday.
②如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變為主語，則在間接賓語前加to或for。
►I brought him some food.
Some food was brought to him (by me).
③含有復合賓語的主動句變為被動語態時，要將其中的賓語變成主語，賓語補足語不變。
►Jim asked Tom to go for a walk.
Tom was asked (by Jim) to go for a walk.
④ 如果賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，主動語態變成被動語態時要加上不定式符號 to。
►We often heard Kate sing in the room.
Kate was often heard to sing in the room (by us).
Language points
1. all of a sudden: 突然；猛地
可寫作of a sudden, on a/the sudden 或all on a sudden。
例句：
►突然，燈都滅了。 All of a sudden, the lights went out.
►那個男孩突然開始哭起來。
The boy began crying all of a sudden.
2. luckily作副詞，意為“幸運地”，也可換成to my luck或 luckily for me，其后通常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。例句：
►Luckily, she was at home when I called.
幸好當我打電話時她在家。
Homework
Write a dialog about their things using the passive voice.
Finish off the exercises on the text book.
Read 4b and 4c.
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